Based on the large-mass method of multi-support excitation, the nonlinear bar element was used to simulate the beam-track contact. The track-bridge interaction model of simply-supported beams was established for the first time with considering the seismic traveling wave effect. Taking 5-32m simply-supported beams on the Shanghai-Kunming line as a case, the impact of track on the seismic performance of the bridge was analyzed under traveling wave effect. The force law of the track and pier was studied, and the influence of parameters was discussed. Studies have shown that the track greatly increases the seismic response of the beam and substructure under the traveling wave effect; the track is extremely sensitive to the traveling wave effect; the lower the surface wave velocity is, the larger the force exerted on the track and pier is; the bearing arrangement and the sudden change of the pier stiffness significantly affects the force of the adjacent piers; with the increase of the number of spans, the track and pier force gradually increases and approaches a fixed value.