Three slope models with the geometric scale of 1∶8 of thick soil cover and bedding rock with different consequent rock angles 20°, 30°, and 40° were designed, three large-scale shaking table model tests under three excitation directions including X，Z，and XZ-direction of Wenchuan seismic wave were performed to study the seismic response characteristics of gravity retaining walls of two-stage retaining structures including gravity retaining wall and anchor lattice frame structure comparatively. Based on seismic acceleration response analysis, the response mechanism of the amplification coefficients of gravity retaining wall with the excitation direction, peak excitation acceleration, height of retaining structure, and consequent rock angle are obtained respectively. The results of seismic displacement response analysis indicate that the horizontal seismic displacement response and seismic displacement mode are presented and triggered by the X-excitation mainly. The seismic displacement response mechanism and seismic displacement mode of gravity retaining wall don’t change with the excitation direction and consequent rock angle. The study of seismic earth pressure response characteristics is conducted; the distribution of seismic earth pressure and the change mechanism of peak seismic earth pressure with the consequent rock angle and the excitation direction are obtained. The study can provide a better foundation for seismic design and further research of seismic response mechanism of two-stage retaining structures including gravity retaining wall and anchor lattice frame structure.