With the continuous development of urbanization in China，many buildings are faced with demolition，and the impact of the collapse will inevitably affect the underground structures around buildings. In this paper，a combination of field test and numerical simulation is used to investigate the impact of collapse on the adjacent metro station. Based on the results of a test for a full-scale single-span viaduct，the dynamic response of the underground pipeline under the overall collapse of the bridge deck is analyzed.The rationality of the numerical analysis method is verified based on the experimental data and empirical formula. The parameter analysis of the key influencing factors is performed by the validated numerical method，and the evaluation index and threshold are proposed based on the calculation results. Considering the key influencing factors such as the volume，height and quantity of the collapse，the vibration response law and safety of the station structure under various factors are evaluated.The results of this paper show that：（1）the vibration caused by the collapse is dominated by vertical vibration；（2）the numerical analysis method used in this paper is reasonable and feasible；（3）the influence of the vibration caused by the collapse on the adjacent metro station cannot be ignored，especially when the mass of the collapse is large or there are many collapse，which are more common in actual situations. The research results are of some significance for the protection of underground structures.