Based on the existing circumstances that the North Palace Gate of Summer Palace and Beijing Rail Transit Line 4, This paper mainly discusses the influence of metro train vibration on ancient wooden structures. A train-tunnel-soil layer-building coupled model by ABAQUS has been proved to be precise by comparison with field measurements. Horizontal vibration intensities were analyzed and effects of angle and distance between subway lines and buildings, train speed and tunnel depth on ancient wooden structures were summarized. The results show that, The simulation of the vibration intensity of the site surface and the North Palace Gate structure are basically consistent with the measured results. Under the actual working conditions, the vibration response of the North Palace Gate meets the limit requirements. The structural vibration intensity becomes largest when the subway line is coincident with the long axis of the ancient timber structure. The structural column closest to the subway line exhibits the strongest vibration for various angles. The vibration intensity of buildings increases significantly as the train speed increases, with the vibration amplitude increasing by 19.67 % for 80 km / h in comparison to the case of 60 km/h. The embedded depth of the tunnel is suggested as deep as possible when the location of the subway line cannot be changed.