In the existing research on the problem of wheel polygon，the circumference of the wheels on both sides of the same wheelset is usually regarded as the same profile. However，the field measurement shows that the circumference of the wheels on both sides of the same wheelset is often in a different state during the whole repair cycle. In view of this，combined with the measured data，the circumferential states of the wheels on both sides of the wheelset are classified. The dynamic model of the vehicle track coupling system is established，and the influence of the circumferential state of the wheels on both sides of wheelsets on the wheel-rail dynamic response is analyzed. The results show that，according to the measured data and the results of discrete Fourier transform，the circumferential states of wheels on both sides of the wheelset are theoretically divided into the same order with the same amplitude，the same order with different amplitude，the different order with the same amplitude，the different order with different amplitude and the one-sided non-circle. The interaction between the wheels on both sides of the wheelset has a weak effect on the wheel-rail contact characteristics，but an obvious effect on the wheel-rail creep characteristics，a significant effect on the wheel-rail wear. The same order state leads to an integer order development of wheel circumferential wear，and the different order state leads to several significant orders of wheel circumferential wear，including its own order，the order of the other side of the wheel，the sum of the orders of both sides of the wheel and the integer order of higher order. The results can provide a reference for the study of the formation mechanism of wheel polygons in high-speed trains.