Concrete underground structure is widely used in engineering practice，but its vibration safety evaluation method under surface strong impact load needs to be improved. The existing vibration safety evaluation methods at home and abroad are summarized in the paper. The parameter analysis of key influencing factors，including the volume，height，number，location of the impact block，and the form and depth of the underground structure，is carried out based on the existing numerical methods. A simple and practical vibration safety evaluation method for rectangular concrete underground structures under different site types is proposed.The results show that the evaluation indexes of vibration safety of underground structures in different codes are quite different，and most of them lack theoretical basis because they are based on blasting engineering or some statistical data. The site soil type has a significant impact on the vibration safety of underground structures. Therefore，the corresponding vibration safety threshold of the underground structure must be recommended according to the site soil type. The vibration velocity of underground structure has a good linear relationship with the vibration velocity of corresponding surface points. Therefore，when it is not easy to obtain the vibration velocity of underground structure，the vibration velocity of corresponding surface points can be used for safety evaluation.