The spatial variability of overburden and dam material parameters significantly affects the seismic response of asphalt concrete core damoverburden system. This paper proposes a space random field simulation technology based on number theory selection，and the random point sets distribution optimization is realized by using number theory selection method. The spatial correlations of material parameters and the spatial variability of material parameters are considered using normal or lognormal distribution and Gaussian autocorrelation relationship，respectively. Random parameter library is generated by covariance decomposition in Python，and secondary script development is carried out for Abaqus finite element software. Based on the Monte Carlo method，the random field simulation and "non-invasive" random finite element calculation considering the spatial difference and correlation of dam-overburden material are realized. Taking an actual project as an example，the sensitive parameters in the static Duncan?Chang E-B constitutive model and the dynamic equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model are regarded as random parameters. The statistical law and probability distribution tests of the mean value，variation coefficient and 95% confidence interval limit value of the horizontal peak acceleration of the asphalt concrete core dam and the vertical permanent deformation of the dam are analyzed.The influence of ground motion intensity on discrete degree of random response and transcendence probability relative to determinate value is also analyzed. The result shows that the point selection method through number theory can significantly optimize the random point set distribution and improve computational efficiency. The randomness of material parameters will cause the seismic response of the dam to increase with a high probability，and the spatial difference of dam body and overburden materials has a greater impact on the peak horizontal acceleration of the top of the dam and core wall than on the permanent deformation. The statistical results of the seismic response of the dam do not necessarily conform to the normal or lognormal distribution. Ignoring the spatial variability of material parameters will cause an underestimation of the 50% to 90% probability of the seismic response of the asphalt concrete core dam-overburden system under different conditions and different indexes. The dispersion of the seismic response results of the overburden layer is greater than that of the dam body and core wall.