谐波注入在电动汽车动力总成电磁振动抑制中的应用
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U463.2;TM351

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Electromagnetic vibration suppression of electric vehicle powertrain using harmonic injection
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    摘要:

    动力驱动总成的电磁振动水平严重影响着电动汽车的 NVH 性能。由于驱动电机结构的非理想和逆变器的非线性特性,电机的输出转矩存在较大的脉动。在一定的转速下,转矩谐波的频率会和动力总成的扭转模态频率一致,导致动力总成的共振。为了研究转矩脉动引起的电磁振动问题,建立了电机电磁模型和控制电路的联合仿真来对电磁激励进行分析,同时通过振动测试试验,认为动力总成在 500~1500 r/min 转速范围内的 48 阶振动是由转矩脉动引起的。为了抑制驱动电机输出的转矩脉动,采用谐波电流注入的方法来抵消电机运行时的谐波转矩,将RBF 神经网络和遗传算法结合,对电流谐波进行优化。最后通过振动试验验证分析的准确性,结果表明,采用谐波注入的控制方法能够有效抑制动力总成的电磁振动。

    Abstract:

    The electromagnetic vibration level of the powertrain seriously affects the NVH performance of electric vehicles. Due to the non-ideal structure of the drive motor and the non-linear characteristics of the inverter,the output torque of the motor fluctuates greatly. At a certain speed,the frequency of the torque harmonics will be consistent with the torsional modal frequency of the powertrain,resulting in resonance of the powertrain. In order to study the problem of electromagnetic vibration caused by torque ripple,an 8-pole 48-slot permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed by electromagnetic simulation. Taking the influence of speed and magnetic saturation on the parameters of the motor during operation into account,the electromagnetic model and control circuit of the motor are established to analyze the electromagnetic excitation. Additionally,a vibration test is conducted and it is considered that the 48-order vibration in the speed range of 500~1500 r/min is caused by torque ripple. In order to suppress the output torque ripple,the harmonic current injection method is adopted to offset the harmonic torque,and the RBF neural network and genetic algorithm are combined to optimize the current harmonics. The accuracy of the analysis is verified by vibration tests. The results show that the method of minimizing torque ripple by harmonic injection can effectively suppress the electromagnetic vibration of the powertrain.

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丁俊杰,陈天宁,方江龙,符俊杰,唐 旭.谐波注入在电动汽车动力总成电磁振动抑制中的应用[J].振动工程学报,2022,35(6):1453~1460.[DING Jun?jie, CHEN Tian?ning, FANG Jiang?long, FU Jun?jie, TANG Xu. Electromagnetic vibration suppression of electric vehicle powertrain using harmonic injection[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering,2022,35(6):1453~1460.]

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-01-09
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