The vibration response of the product packaging system under different excitation spectra， different vibration levels， different cushion thicknesses and different cushion distribution methods are investigated， and the vibration contribution of each transfer path of the product packaging system under random vibration is quantified by using the OTPA method. The results show that when the vibration level is high， the packaging system show slight jumping phenomenon， and the vibration response of the system increases while the resonance frequency decreases slightly. With the increase of the cushion thickness， the resonance frequency of the system decreases， the acceleration response power spectrum （PSD） of the critical element under different excitation spectra is different， the vibration response is related to the excitation energy at the resonance frequency of the system， and the cushion thickness has a small effect on the vibration contribution of each path. When the cushion pad area is uniformly distributed， the OTPA method is used to identify the main vibration contribution path of the system， which is defined as the critical vibration transfer path，and the response of the critical element is closely related to the vibration contribution of the critical vibration transfer path near the resonant frequency， and the design of the cushion package should focus on the vibration damping design of the critical vibration transfer path. The results of the study provide theoretical support for further research on cushion packaging design methods.