In order to study the impact of ice in the water medium on the open channel， based on the calculation method of fluid structure coupling， the LS-DYNA software is used to perform a nonlinear finite element simulation of the impact process between the ice in the water medium and the open channel is 1∶10 for model test verification. Taking the collision angle of drift ice and the open channel， the thickness of drift ice， and the strength grade of the concrete lining of the open channel as variables， the law of its influence on the collision of drift ice in the open channel is explored. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress and the maximum displacement in the X direction in the impact area of the open channel lining under the collision angle of 90° are respec tively 3.01 and 4.19 times the average peak value of the 38.66°， 45°， and 63.43° working conditions. And under the collision angle of 90° ， the damage and deformation of the open channel lining impact area is about 5.72×10-6 m， while the damage and deforma tion under the working conditions of 38.66°， 45° and 63.43° are about 0~4.78×10-7 m， indicating that the inclined slope can effec tively reduce the impact force， displacement and damage deformation of the ice on the open channel impact area； the maximum equivalent stress of the ice thickness on the open channel lining impact and the maximum displacement in the X direction show an approximate linear relationship； the ice on the open channel lining the maximum equivalent stress of the impact and the maximum displacement in the X direction gradually decrease with the increase of the concrete strength grade， and the two show an approxi mate linear relationship； the different working conditions simulated by the comprehensive analysis show that the water between the ice canals a high pressure field is generated in advance due to the squeezing effect of ice movement， which should be fully consid ered in the solution analysis and cannot be ignored. At the same time， the test value and the simulation value are basically consis tent， indicating that the numerical simulation model is accurate and reliable.