Wind characteristics are important for wind resistance design of bridges. The wind characteristic model considering the location of typhoon is investigated using the typhoon wind data measured by the bridge structural health monitoring system to characterize the influence of typhoon movement on the wind characteristics at the bridge site. Based on the existing typhoon analytical model and typhoon path data， the time history of mean wind speed at the bridge site during typhoon is simulated， which is regarded as the validation of the analytical typhoon model. On this basis， the variation of fluctuating wind characteristic parameters such as turbulence intensity， gust factor and turbulence integral scale with the distance between the bridge site and the typhoon center are analyzed. The spatial distribution model of fluctuating wind characteristic parameters is investigated. The results show that the existing typhoon analytical model can simulate the mean wind speed at the bridge site. The spatial positions of typhoons present a significant influence on the characteristics of fluctuating wind at the bridge site. The model in this paper can effectively reflect the variation of fluctuating wind characteristics at the bridge site during typhoons， which is expected to be a useful reference for the design，operation and maintenance of structures such as long-span bridges.