Based on the existing circumstances that the North Palace Gate of the Summer Palace and Beijing Rail Transit Line 4，this paper mainly discusses the influence of metro train vibration on ancient wooden structures. A train-tunnel-soil layer-building coupled model is established by ABAQUS， and the accuracy of the model is validated by comparison with field measurements.Horizontal vibration intensities are analyzed and the effects of angle and distance between subway lines and buildings， train speed and tunnel depth on ancient wooden structures are summarized. The results show that the structural vibration intensity becomes largest when the subway line is coincident with the long axis of the ancient timber structure. The structural column closest to the subway line exhibits the strongest vibration for various angles. The vibration intensity of buildings increases significantly as the train speed increases， with the vibration amplitude increasing by 19.67% for 80 km/h in comparison to the case of 60 km/h. The embedded depth of the tunnel is suggested as deep as possible when the location of the subway line cannot be changed.