The characteristics of the seismic source, propagation path, and site conditions are key factors affecting earthquake ground motion, and related research provides the basis for seismic design of structures. In this paper, attention is given to the seismic simulation of an engineering structure that encompasses the source-path-site effects. To achieve this, a three-step FK-SE-FE strong coupling method is established by giving full play to the advantages of the frequency-wavenumber domain (FK) technique for semi-analytical solving the internal source Green"s function in a crust semi-infinite space, the SEM for efficiently calculating the non-uniform wavefields of a large-scale and complex site, and the FEM for finely modeling the engineering structures and components as well as their elastic-plastic properties. The correctness and accuracy of the proposed method are step-by-step verified by comparing with the results from the examples of "source-site" and "site-structure". Subsequently, using the United States SAC steel frame structure benchmark model as an example, ground motion simulation and seismic effect analysis covering the dislocation source, sedimentary basin, and superstructure are carried out. The impact of the presence or absence of sedimentary basins and the consideration of soil-structure interaction on the near-field response of engineering structures is explored. The results show that compared with the scheme of directly inputting acceleration seismic waves from the model bottom, the peak response of the structural top layer markedly decreases under the seismic scenario considering soil-structure interaction. Moreover, the existence of a sedimentary basin during wave propagation noticeably amplifies the overall seismic response of the structure and the distribution of maximum deformation along the layer height, and delays the onset of structural vibration.