The reasonable selection of vibration sensitive points has an important impact on mechanical structure health monitoring and fault diagnosis. In this paper, considering the influence of excitation frequency and excitation position on the vibration response of mechanical structure measuring points, a sensitive measurement points analysis method based on frequency response function is proposed. Firstly, the frequency response function of each measuring point about excitation position is extracted, and the frequency response data matrix is selected and constructed based on different excitation position and excitation frequency band. Then, based on principal component analysis, the frequency response data matrix is reduced to principal component vector space, and an effective independent iterative matrix is constructed to realize vibration sensitivity analysis considering excitation effects. Finally, the influence of different excitation frequency bands and different excitation positions on vibration sensitivity of measuring points is studied. Transient dynamic simulation and plate structure experiments show that the distribution of sensitive measuring points is different under different excitation frequency bands and excitation positions, and the sensitive measuring points obtained based on the frequency response data matrix analysis of different excitation frequency bands and excitation positions are more sensitive to the structural vibration under corresponding frequency bands and excitation positions.