It focused on the test and simulation study on the longitudinal load transfer law under the coupling shock condition of a roadrailer. The bogie of this type of the vehicle contains the towing plate and the yaw damper device， which are oriented in the longi? tudinal direction. Therefore the load transmission path and its value need to be investigated for further strength evaluation of the structural component. In the test， force sensors were installed on the key components. In the simulation， a comprehensive whole ve? hicle dynamic model， which contains 3 carbodies and 4 bogies， was established based on the theory and method of the rail vehicle and multibody dynamics. Meanwhile the collider is simplified to a mass considering its mass and speed to simulate the locomotive. Besides， it gave the modeling details of the yaw damper device and the towing plate. By the SIMPACK solver， the results demon? strate that the forces on the hook and the yaw damper device both increase with the impact speed increasing. Furthermore， the simu? lation results were slightly smaller than the test results， but the law is nearly the same. Under these conditions， the yaw damper had no effect. Therefore， the transmission path is only through the towing plate， which is useful for further strength evaluation.