In this paper， a set of overlapped and laminated foil aerodynamic bearings was developed， which was composed of over? lapped radial bearings and laminated thrust bearings. Meanwhile， a rotor test bench of the foil aerodynamic bearings was designed and built. The take-off characteristics of the proposed foil aerodynamic bearings were studied by comparing the speed drop experi? ments of multiple groups of rotors. The influence of rotor unbalance and external load on the rotor dynamics of the bearing-rotor system was analyzed. The take-off test results show that the take-off speed of the radial foil pneumatic bearing developed in this pa? per is about 7500 r/min， and the maximum take-off torque is about 220 N·mm. The experimental results show that with the in? crease of rotor unbalance， the 1X frequency vibration amplitude increases gradually， the second critical speed decreases gradually， and the frequency of secondary frequency vibration increases gradually. With the increase of rotor speed，1X frequency vibration of the rotor system firstly increases and then decreases， and the amplitude of secondary frequency vibration increases gradually. When the center distance of the top foil structure is reduced， the stability of the rotor system increases. The experimental results show that both the unbalance and the external load excite the secondary frequency vibration of the system， and the amplitude of the sec? ondary frequency vibration increases with the increase of the rotational speed. Moreover， the unbalance and the external load have obvious amplifying effect on each other in the excitation of secondary frequency.