In allusion to inadequate research on damage identification of multi-tiered reinforced soil retaining wall， a large shaking table test of two-tiered reinforced soil retaining wall was carried out. The time domain identification method was used to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of the model under horizontal seismic loading， and the distribution laws of the natural frequency and damping ratio of the upper and lower retaining walls were expounded. The corresponding relationship between the structural damage degree and the natural frequency and damping ratio was explored. The results show that the natural frequencies of the up? per and lower retaining walls are basically the same before loading， and the damping ratio decreases with the increase of wall height. With the accumulation of loading conditions， the natural frequency gradually decreases and the damping ratio gradually in? creases. The distribution curves of natural frequency and damping ratio are fitted by polynomial method. The comparative analysis shows that when the natural frequency decreases by 0~15.41% and the damping ratio increases by 0~299.35%， the structure is basically intact. When the natural frequency decreases 15.41%~18.92% and the damping ratio increases 299.35%~360.07%， the structure is slight damage. When the natural frequency decreases by 18.92%~21.29% and the damping ratio increases by 360.07%~398.21%， the structure is in the middle damage stage； when the natural frequency decreases by 21.29%~29.60% and the damping ratio increases by 398.21%~532.99%， the structure is destroyed.