In order to improve the energy absorption and safety of the energy absorption hydraulic support， a multi-layer lattice en? ergy absorption device is designed. The basic structure of pyramid lattice energy absorption device is designed according to the structure and energy absorption space of energy absorption support column. The maximum energy absorption of the energy absorp? tion device， the maximum mean of the support force within the allowable range， and the minimum fluctuation coefficient of the sup? port force are taken as the optimization objective function， the base diameter and span of the pyramid cell are taken as the optimiza? tion design variables， and the constraint conditions are taken as the peak and mean of the support force of the energy absorption de? vice within the allowable range. The Workbench software is used to optimize the structural parameters of the energy absorption de? vice with the pyramid height of 30 mm， 40 mm and 50 mm respectively. Three groups of optimization solutions are obtained and the optimal structural parameters are determined by comparative analysis. The single-layer energy absorption device with the opti? mal parameters reduced in the compression experiment was used for experimental analysis， and the results show that the absorption energy is 4.18716 kJ. The calculated energy absorption energy of the original single-layer energy absorption device is 113.05332 kJ， and the energy absorption energy of the whole energy absorption device is 565.2666 kJ. The relative error between the experi? mental results and the simulation results is only ?9.92%. The energy absorption capacity of the new energy absorption device is at least 50% higher than that of the traditional thin-wall structure energy absorption device， which proves the effectiveness of the opti? mized design and the high energy absorption capacity of the energy absorption device.