弹跳小球-薄板系统的动力学行为研究
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O326; O311

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(12272064,11972240);江苏省高等学校基础科学研究重大项目(23KJA580001, 22KJA460001);常州市科技计划项目(CE20235049)


Dynamic behaviors of a bouncing ball⁃thin plate system
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    摘要:

    通过物体在振动结构表面上的运动可实现输送,随着机械自动化与智能化的快速发展,这项技术面临着更多的要求和挑 战。此类输送 设备一般可简化为弹跳小球在振动薄板表面上的运动模型。本文在细/宏观尺度下,建立了理想情形下的小球? 薄板碰撞理论模型,设计并搭建了弹跳小球?薄板系统动力学行为实验平台,通过声压传感器和数据采集仪获取并处理小球撞 击薄板的声信号,分析激振频率、振幅和小球质量对碰撞间隔和强度的影响。结果表明,小球?薄板碰撞间隔与碰撞强度不是 一个固定值,呈现出带有单峰值的状态;随着频率和振幅的增大,小球?薄板碰撞间隔与碰撞强度均提高;增大小球的质量,小 球?薄板碰撞间隔与碰撞强度均降低,并且该变化是一种相对趋势的变化即均值体现,而非严格的绝对变化。特别地,在实验 中发现小球与薄板的碰撞时刻波形并不是瞬时的,而是有一段作用时间,这与小球与薄板相撞的耦合作用以及薄板受小球冲 击的受迫振动的衰减有关。

    Abstract:

    Conveying can be achieved through the motion of objects on vibrating structural surfaces. With the rapid development of mechanical automation and intelligence, this technology is facing more requirements and challenges. This type of conveying equip? ment can generally be simplified as a motion model of bouncing balls on a vibrating thin plate surface. This article designs and builds an experimental platform for the dynamic behavior of a bouncing ball-thin plate system at a micro/macro-scale using an ideal ball-thin plate collision theoretical model. By using sound pressure sensors and data acquisition instruments to extract and process the sound signal of the ball hitting the thin plate, the effects of excitation frequency, amplitude, and ball mass on collision interval and strength are analyzed. The results show that the collision interval and collision strength between balls and thin plates are not fixed values, but exhibit a state with a single peak value. As the frequency and amplitude increase, the collision interval and colli? sion intensity between balls and thin plates increase. Increasing the mass of the ball results in a decrease in both the collision interval and collision intensity, and such a change is a relative trend reflected by the mean, rather than a strictly absolute change. Specifical? ly, it is found in the experiment that the waveform of the collision time between the ball and the thin plate is not instantaneous, but has a period of time effect, which is related to not only the coupling effect of the collision between the ball and the thin plate, but al? so the attenuation of the forced vibration of the thin plate under the impact of the ball.

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陈 玲,李 双,李 成,范学良,蔡建文.弹跳小球-薄板系统的动力学行为研究[J].振动工程学报,2025,38(3):631~636.[CHEN Ling, LI Shuang, LI Cheng, FAN Xueliang, CAI Jianwen. Dynamic behaviors of a bouncing ball⁃thin plate system[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering,2025,38(3):631~636.]

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-31
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